Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and its Predictors among Diabetic Patients Attending in Gedeo Zone Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2020/2021

Abstract

Background: The incidence of diabetic foot ulcer is growing over earlier decade with an increasing magnitude of diabetes mellitus (DM). The prior work primarily concentrated on the magnitude of DFU but incapable to recognize average time it takes for diabetic patients to develop DFU and difficult for early identification, prevention and treatment of the cause of diabetic foot ulcer.

Objectives: To determine incidence of DFU and its predictors among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients who were attending at Gedeo zone hospitals, 2020/2021

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Materials and Methods: Institution-based Prospective follow up study was conducted in Gedeo zone hospitals From Nov 8/2020 to Sep 25/2021; Simple random sampling (SRS) technique was utilized to select respondents. The data gathering was daily checked for entirety and regularity and it was entered into EPI data version 3.2 data and transferred to Stata version 16 for analysis. The

Kaplan-Meier estimation method was used and Cox proportional hazard model was applied.

Results: A total of 208 patients were taken from 4 hospitals 1 referral hospital and 3 Primary hospitals. of the total of study participant diabetic foot ulcer was found to be 10.58%[6.40-14.76].Age greater than 55 years old [AHR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.56, 3.24], type II diabetes mellitus [AHR=3.02; 95% CI: 1.08, 5.40], Retinopathy [AHR=2.30; 95% CI: 1.43, 5.02], Nephropathy [AHR=3.56; 95% CI: 2.47, 5.70] were significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcer.

Conclusion: This study decided that 10.58% DM patient have foot ulcer. The leading explanations to develop foot ulcer were being older age, retinopathy, and nephropathy were meaningfully connected with DFU.